Systems and methods for providing electrical stimulation of multiple dorsal root ganglia
US Patent 8,897,893
November 25, 2014
A method for implanting an electrical stimulation lead into a patient includes advancing a distal end of a multi-armed lead into an epidural space of the patient. The multi-armed lead includes first and second stimulation arms extending from a main body portion. The first stimulation arm is guided into and through a first intervertebral foramen. The first stimulation arm is positioned in proximity to a first dorsal root ganglion. The first stimulation aim is positioned with electrodes disposed along the first stimulation arm in operational proximity to the first dorsal root ganglion. The second stimulation arm is guided into and through a second intervertebral foramen. The second stimulation arm is positioned in proximity to a second dorsal root ganglion. The second stimulation arm is positioned with electrodes disposed along the second stimulation arm in operational proximity to the second dorsal root ganglion.
Electrode design for leads of implantable electric stimulation systems
US Patent 8,897,889
November 25, 2014
A lead includes a lead body with a distal end and a proximal end. A plurality of terminals are disposed at the proximal end of the lead body. A plurality of electrodes are disposed at the distal end of the lead body. Each electrode includes an electrode body and at least one anchoring member. The at least one anchoring member couples to the electrode body and extends into the lead body and beneath the electrode body to anchor the electrode to the lead body. A plurality of conductive wires electrically couple the plurality of electrodes to the plurality of terminals.
Systems and methods for making and using connectors for electrical stimulation systems
US Patent 8,897,876
November 25, 2014
A connector for an implantable medical device includes an elongated connector housing having a first end, a second end, a length, and an outer surface. The connector housing defines a port at the second end of the connector housing that extends along the length toward the first end. The port is configured and arranged for receiving a proximal end of lead or lead extension. Connector contacts disposed in the connector housing are configured and arranged for coupling to terminals disposed on the lead or lead extension when the lead or lead extension is received by the port. At least one window is defined along the outer surface of the connector housing. The at least one window is configured and arranged for viewing at least a portion of the lead or lead extension when the lead or lead extension is received by the port.
Lead anchor and related methods of use
US Patent 8,892,216
November 18, 2014
A lead anchor includes a core housing defining a cavity; a swivel anchor disposed in the cavity and having a tubular portion and a locking portion; at least two locking members; and at least two sleeves with a portion of each of the sleeves and each of the locking members disposed within the cavity at a periphery of the cavity. The tubular portion is adapted to receive an external tool to rotate the swivel anchor within the cavity. The lead anchor has an unlocked configuration, in which the swivel anchor can rotate within the cavity of the core housing without compressing the sleeves, and a locked configuration, in which opposing ends of the locking portion of the swivel anchor each lie between one of the sleeves and one of the locking members and compress the sleeves and any lead disposed within the sleeves to hold that lead in place.
Methods of manufacture of leads with a radially segmented electrode array
US Patent 8,887,387
November 18, 2014
A method of making a lead for a stimulation device includes forming at least one pre-electrode in the shape of a ring, the at least one pre-electrode comprises at least two thin-walled portions separated by at least two thick-walled portions; disposing the at least one pre-electrode near a distal end of a lead body; joining at least one conductor to each thick-walled portion of the at least one pre-electrode; and grinding the lead body and the at least one pre-electrode to remove the thin-walled portions of the at least one pre-electrode to form segmented electrodes from the thick-walled portions of the at least one pre-electrode.
DNS flood protection platform for a network
US Patent 8,886,930
November 11, 2014
Embodiments are directed towards providing protection to DNS servers against DNS flood attacks by causing a requesting device to perform multiple DNS lookup requests for resolving a resource record. A request from a network device for a resolution of a domain name may be received by a device interposed between the requesting network device and a DNS server. Upon receiving the request to resolve the domain name, the interposed device may respond with a CNAME that includes a cookie. The requesting device may then send another request that includes the cookie preceded CNAME. The interposed device may then validate the returned cookie returned in the CNAME and if valid, forward the domain name resolution request on to a DNS server. The response may then be forwarded to the requesting device.
Enabling ordered page flow browsing using HTTP cookies
US Patent 8,886,620
November 11, 2014
A system, apparatus, and method are directed to managing an ordered page flow browsing of a website. As a request is received for a webpage on the website, a referrer is examined. If the referrer indicates that the request is from another website, the request may be redirected to a pre-selected webpage on the website. In addition, a cookie may be generated that includes, in part, the request and a secret. The request and rotating secret may also be encrypted. The cookie may then be provided along with a response to the request. When another request is received with the cookie, the cookie may be compared, in part, with the referrer and the secret to determine if the request is from an ordered page within the website. If it is not, the request may be redirected to the pre-selected webpage, thereby enforcing orderly page flow browsing.
Single-pass data compression and encryption
US Patent 8,886,926
November 11, 2014
Embodiments compress and encrypt data in a single pass to reduce inefficiencies that occur from compression and encrypting data separately. Typically, compression and encryption are implemented in separate functional units. This has a few disadvantages: 1) encryption cannot make use of compression state to further secure the message, 2) processed data is read and written twice, 3) additional space, time, and resources are consumed, and 4) it is more prone to potential cipher-attacks since the encryption stage is independent from compression. Embodiments overcome these disadvantages by structuring these operations so that both compression and encryption is executed within the same processing loop. Thus: 1) encryption is stronger due to the dependence on the compression state, 2) I/O buffers are accessed only once reducing overhead, 3) system footprint is reduced, and 4) cipher analysis is more complex since the decryption process cannot be separated from the decompression process.
Unified single and multiple carrier receiver architecture
US Patent 8,885,738
November 11, 2014
A device and method for receiving and processing single carrier and multiple carrier signals through substantially common elements within a receiver that uses a radix 2 FFT on the signal, equalizes both types of signals in the frequency domain and then, for the multiple carrier signal performs a polynomial interpolation to bring the signal to symbol rate and for the single carrier signal performs an IFFT and samples the output to produce a signal at symbol rate.
Implantable leads with a low profile distal portion
US Patent 8,886,335
November 11, 2014
A stimulation lead includes an elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion and has a multilumen tube extending along the elongate body and defining a central lumen and a plurality of peripheral lumens disposed circumferentially around the central lumen; a plurality of conductors, at least one of the conductors extending along the central lumen and a remainder of the conductors extending along the plurality of peripheral lumens with at least one of the conductors in each peripheral lumen; a plurality of terminals disposed along the proximal portion of the elongate body and electrically coupled to proximal ends of the conductors; and a plurality of electrodes disposed along the distal portion of the elongate body and electrically coupled to distal ends of the conductors. Each of the conductors is coupled to at least one terminal and at least one electrode.
